7 more commonly confused words

 

 

wolf1

I first of all apologise to everyone for being late with my blog this week. You can blame NaNo in part, but also I had to go out Monday and yesterday.

Anyway, here are another 7 commonly confused words.

PRACTICE/PRACTISE.

Practice. This is a verb. It is what you do when learning to play the piano. Your teacher would say:

‘You must PRACTICE for half an hour every day’

Practise. This is a noun. It is where the doctor or lawyer practices his/her calling.

e.g.  I hear there is a new doctors’ PRACTISE opening in the town.

CONFIDENT/CONFIDANT

Confident. When you are CONFIDENT you are sure of yourself.

e.g. I am confident that I will pass my driving test this time.

Confidant. This is someone you confide in.

e.g. I have always told my best friend my secrets. She is my CONFIDANT.

UNCONSCIOUS/SUBCONSCIOUS
The second of these two words is almost always substituted by unconscious. It really irritates me!

Unconscious. This is what happens when you get a blow to the head.

e.g. When the piano fell from the second floor, the man walking beneath was knocked UNCONSCIOUS

Subconscious. This is a word used in psychology. It means the part of the mind that you are unaware of, yet it still acts to bear on your actions.

e.g. The doctor said that it was Mary’s SUBCONSCIOUS that was making her afraid of snakes.

UNIQUE/RARE

Unique. When something is unique, there is only one of it. It does not mean very uncommon Thus you cannot have grades of uniqueness.

e.g. I am told that this is the last dodo on Earth. It is UNIQUE.

Rare. Something that is uncommon. You can have gradations of rareness.

e.g. The hedgehog is becoming increasingly RARE in the United Kingdom. There numbers are decreasing rapidly.

THEORY/THEOREM

This one I came across in a book I was reading only the other day. It was not one I would have thought to put in otherwise.

Theory. This is an idea that explains something. It is usually based on some evidence.

e.g. Isaac Newton saw an apple fall from a tree and reasoned out the THEORY of gravity.

Theorem. This is a mathematical term whereby a proposition is shown to be true by a chain of logical reasoning, based on accepted truths.

e.g. Pythagoras managed to prove the THEOREM that now bears his name.

LIBEL/SCANDAL

Libel. This is bringing someone’s reputation into disrepute by something you’ve written.

e.g. The journalist was accused of LIBEL by the man she had reported to be the thief.

Scandal. The gossips in the village were accused of spreading scandal about the vicar and his housekeeper.

VISCOUS/VICIOUS

This one I saw in a thread I was following the other day. It was another that I hadn’t though of before.

Viscous. A thick, slow-flowing liquid.

e.g. In order to get syrup to drop easily from the spoon you need to make it less VISCOUS. You can do this by heating it up by dipping the spoon into hot water before getting the syrup.   (This is quite a good tip.)

Vicious. It actually means addicted  to vice, but nowadays it has come to mean more along the lines of vicious.

e.g. The growling of the dog behind  the door sounded vicious.

Those are this week’s commonly confused words. I hope you enjoyed them. If you did, please leave a comment, and if you didn’t, please leave a comment too explaining what you thought was wrong with them.

5 more commonly confused words.

gloriosarothchildiana

One of my paintings.

Gloriana Rothchildiana

Tuesday again. It’s the last Tuesday of the month and so here are some more commonly confused words. Some of these words are confusions of meaning and some are confusions of spelling, while some are both.

I know I said I’d have a particular plan for when I was going to post what, but I’ve forgotten it! How stupid can you get? I’ve even forgotten where I put the note that I wrote to myself. I can remember that the first Tuesday was an extract from The Wolf Pack and the third some of my other writing or that of another writer I like. (This includes my Mum’s poems, of course.) Now the third Tuesday seems to be grammar.

Anyway, here it is.

Here are a few more words that are often confused.

Council/counsel

‘Council’ is some sort of ruling body, as in the local town council or the General Medical Council.
e.g. The Council passed a new by-law to prevent dog fouling in the local parks.

‘Counsel’ is to give advice, or to act as a lawyer.
e.g. He gave me some good counsel about my problems.

Imply/Infer

‘Imply’ is what the speaker hints at without actually saying it in so many words.
e.g. Are you implying that Jack was the thief?

‘Infer’ is that which is deduced from the implication.
e.g. From what you say, I infer that you think Jack was the thief.

Literal/Virtual

‘Literal’ means that it actually happened, or that something is ACTUALLY the thing referred to.
e.g. The bird flew past me, its wings literally brushing my face.

‘Virtual’ means that it was AS IF the thing were happening.
e.g. The footballer virtually flew down the wing before putting the ball in the back of the net.
(the winger literally flying would be an awesome sight, as would, as we sometimes here when a player is playing well, ‘He’s literally on fire this afternoon.’ Poor lad!)

Convex/Concave

‘Convex’ is protruding outwards. A magnifying glass has a convex lens, one that is thicker in the centre than at the edges.
e.g. There was a convex protuberance on the wall that had to be sorted out before Harry could paint it.

‘Concave’ is going inwards, like a cave. Glasses for short sight are concave. They are thinner in the middle than on the outside.
e.g. Breathe out so that your stomach is concave.

There/Their

‘There’ is denoting a place.
e.g. Put the parcel down over there please.

‘Their’ is donating ownership. Something that belongs to them.
e.g. Is that their car in the car park?

A poem in answer to a challenge.

roman centuryA Roman Century

This poem was difficult to write. The challenge was to take the seventh book on your bookshelf, look at t he seventh chapter and take the seventh sentence in that chapter.  At least I think it was that. It was close anyway. The you used that sentence to start a poem.

The book I found to be the seventh book was one on the Roman Empire and the seventh sentence in the seventh chapter was ‘The Roman Legion also had other skills.’ Not and easy thing to write a poem about. (I was tempted to cheat, but then thought that it was a good exercise anyway.)

 

Here is my attempt.

 

A ROMAN LEGION

A Roman legion also had other skills
As well as its ability in war.
As builders, Roman soldiers were not poor
And built a wall for Hadrian ’cross the hills.

When soldiers met a river, wide and deep
A bridge they built to get across the flow.
The soldiers toiled in sun of rain or snow
And if some died, well OK life was cheap.

Vercingetorix was a Celt from Gaul
Who won a massive battle, but in vain.
They soon lost all that they had gained
And Roman soldiers camped outside the wall.

The siege engines the Roman soldiers built
Bombarded all the walls around the town.
Their engineering capabilities shown
And Vercingetorix’s strength did wilt.

The soldiers built the roads so straight and true
Joining all their governed lands to Rome.
Where the Emperor did sit upon his throne
And that is why the empire grew and grew.

The soldiers sewed their clothing, built the roads,
And bridges, walls and siege engines as well.
They fought and conquered as the stories tell
And beat the Celtic peoples in their woad.

The legions helped the Empire last so long.
Fighters, engineers and builders, they
Worked hard and long, they toiled throughout the day
To make the Roman Empire wide and strong.

The Sunshine Blogger Award

This is an award that you pass on to another blogger and ask 10 questions of that blogger.

I think that’s the idea., anyway. The answers to the questions Lula asked me are on my blog if you are interested.

award

I am awarding The Sunshine Blogger Award to Clancy Tucker. I always find his blogs interesting and they brighten up my day.

Thank you Clancy.

I was awarded this by Lula Harp. I answered her  questions and now am passing it on to Clancy.

Here are my 10 questions.

1. What is your preferred time of day for writing?
2. Do you have any place where you like to write?
3. What, if any, music do you like to write to?
4. Do you have any pets?
5. What is your biggest excuse for procrastination?
6. What season of the year is your favourite?
7. What do you like to do when you aren’t writing?
8. Do you have a favourite topic to blog about? If so, what is it?
9. If you could line in any other country apart from where you currently live, which country would that be?
10. Do you wear hats?

 

A 5 star review

I am putting in an extra blog this week because I’ve just received an email to say that the review below has been posted by John Thornton. I am most flattered by what he said. The email arrived yesterday at 4.15 or there about, so I don’t know if it’s gone live yet.

 

Thank you for your kind words, John.

wolfpackcover (2)

5 Stars

“The Wolf Pack” is an original and well crafted fantasy novel. If you like novels like the “Earthsea Saga” by Ursula Le Guin or “When the Heavens Fall” by Marc Turner then I suggest that you may well enjoy “The Wolf Pack.” British style and spellings throughout. Not really a negative, just a difference to be noted.

Positives:

I found the characters well developed, and complex (in a good way).

The plot is unique and unusual. It is not easy to explain, but does unfold nicely as one reads through the book. I am trying to avoid spoilers, so I do not want to give too much away.

Dialogue is well written and each character has his or her own voice.

Negatives:

It took me a bit to “get into” the book, but that might be because fantasy is not my favorite genre. Some might call this “high fantasy” but I am never quite sure where the lines are on the various types of fantasy novels.

Otherwise a solid book. My rating, A-

Help me with problems with tenses

I have been a little confused recently about the naming of verb tenses. When I was at school I learned that there was the future tense (I will walk), the present (I am walking or I walk), the imperfect (I walked), the perfect (I have walked) and the pluperfect (I had walked). Then I read a book on grammar and it told me that the tenses are: future (I will walk), present (I am walking), simple past (I walked), past imperfect (I have walked) and past perfect (I had walked).

Now this is most confusing. It may be that there is a difference in the naming of the tenses in the USA and the UK, where I live, or it may be that there has been some change that I have missed. The above, which I said I had learned at school, I learned in English, French and Latin classes so it wasn’t just that we had a poor teacher who got it wrong. I wanted to write a blog about using tenses, but this discrepancy makes it rather difficult as it feels wrong to use what I have read in this particular book.

So what about today’s blog? I was going to do one on the use of the past tense, but until I can clear up this little problem I have with nomenclature I’ll leave it to a further date.

Please would some of you help me with this little problem by responding in the comments section.

Sunshine Blogger Award.

award

 

Lula Harp has awarded me the Sunshine Blogger Award. I am flattered and would like to thank her. I will be passing it on shortly.

Here are my answers to Lula’s questions.

What are 6 things you couldn’t live without?
A difficult one, Lula. My 2 children. My 3 Grandchildren. (does that count as 5? Ha ha) My husband. All those are obvious, of course. Friendship. Sunshine.

What time of day do you do your best writing/work?
Afternoon

Biscuit or scone?
Ooh, I like both, but on balance, scone.

Favorite season?
Summer.

What are your thoughts on social media?
It is both a great boon and a great disaster.

Favorite way to end the day?
Watching TV and falling asleep.

Best trip?
I’ve had some fantastic trips over the years and this one is really hard, but I think the best was probably a trip to Germany to follow in the footsteps of J.S.Bach. We visited his birthplace and many of the places he worked. We also went to a concert in the Tomankirke where he was cantor given by the boys’ choir there. Superb evening.

Would you eat at a restaurant that was really dirty if the food was amazing?
Probably not.

How important is it to you to learn something new?
This is very important as it keeps the mind alert and keeps you from being a dull, uninteresting person.

Have you ever flipped a coin to make an important decision?
No.

Racism in Britain

This post was inspired by a post by Ellen Hawley on her website, An American in Britain. She lives in Cornwall and was appalled by the racism she came across there. Her post makes interesting reading.

She says that she hears the word n—-r quite a lot in Cornwall. This is a largely white area of the country. This does not happen in more cosmopolitan areas. This goes to show, to me at least, that it is ignorance that is the main cause of racism. When people live close to others of other races and nationalities, they find that they are no different from the rest of us.

In the replies to her post, there are many people talking about other nationalities as well as other races (although I don’t like the idea of splitting people up into ‘races’ based on some perceived physical attribute. We are all in the Human Race!). It seems that there is not only racism but xenophobia here in Britain.

This xenophobia is often whipped up by the popular press, I’m sorry to say. It is usually aimed at the latest people to come into this country. The excuses for it are always the same. ‘They will take all our jobs. Really? If it weren’t for these immigrants, the National Health would have ground to a halt long ago. We just don’t have the numbers of indigenous people in the medical profession. One lady was complaining to me that all the dentists at her surgery are foreigners. Nothing about how good or otherwise they were as dentists. I happen to go to that surgery and they are good dentists with good English.

The idea that ‘foreigners’ are taking all the social housing and living on benefits is also a common one. People don’t take the trouble to look up the actual facts of the matter, but go on hearsay, often not true.

Someone is considered to bean immigrant if they stay in the country for 1 year. That means that lots of students, who don’t stay long-term, are classed as immigrants and added to the totals. I think that they ought not to be added, nor anyone who only comes for a short work contract. The general perception of an immigrant is one who comes and stays long-term, if not forever, bringing up their family here.

Most immigrants are young and healthy, so the idea that they are putting a burden on the NHS is false. There are more British people using the NHS than immigrants, and that is also true of the benefits system. I forget the actual percentages, but a higher percentage of British citizens will use the benefit system than the percentage of immigrants using it.

I wonder how long it takes for a family to be accepted as British. I have worked with colleges whose parents were from all over the world. They were born here and had British passports and they were considered fully British. However, this nationality business is used for their own ends by xenophobics. Anti-royalists too. They often say that we are ruled by Germans. Now George 1 came from Hannover in Germany. He was invited to be King because the nearest person to the throne was Catholic. That must have been at least 10 generations ago. (Count it if you want to check and correct me.) True, he was German, but William and Mary, who came some time after George 1st were from the Netherlands, but we don’t hear that the Royal Family is Dutch. German is more threatening to the British public than Holland due to 2 wars.

So, if we go back that far, how many people are in fact British? (Or even English, since there seems to be a growing English feeling in the country.)

I would like to hear from you as to what you think about this? Post your thoughts in the comments section below.

A Message of Hope

My mother started writing poetry when she got older. They were much in demand at whist drives and such other social events that she attended. This is one she wrote about growing older.

A Message of Hope.

Isn’t it great to be sixty?

Isn’t it great to be old?

I feel it’s a stage

Like coming of age

 And so much more life to unfold.

——————-

I’m so looking forward to travel;

Half fares and concessions and that

And hair-dos, cut price

So I’ll try to look nice.

There’s always Oxfam for a hat!

—————

But who needs a hat? Like the Royals

I’ll wear a silk scarf with aplomb.

You can still cut a dash

Without loads of cash,

And  think of the good times to come.

—————-

Oh isn’t it great to be sixty.

Don’t vegetate there in your room.

Look forward, not back.

You’ll soon get the knack

Dispersing, dispensing with gloom.


—————

Yes, I’m very glad to be sixty!

No need to pretend any more.

Do just as I please

And as free as the breeze

Life still has its pleasures in store.

As you can see from this poem, she was an optimist and great fun to be with. She died at the age of 80 in 1990 with her humour and good spirits intact.

I still miss her.

9 pairs of commonly confused words.

There are a number of words that are frequently confused by people. In this post I hope to clarify nine of these pairs.

 Bought and Brought.

Brought is the past tense of ‘to bring’ and means to fetch something.

e.g. The dog brought the ball back to me.

Bought is the past tense of  ‘to buy’ and means to purchase something.

e.g. When I went to town I bought a new blouse.

The mistake is always using brought for bought and never the other way round.

 Fewer and Less

This is a very common one. So many people will talk about ‘There were less people at the match than last week.’

It should be ‘There were fewer people at the match than last week.’

Less is used for things that you measure (like weight, temperature, volume,etc)

Fewer is used for things you count (like people, goals, items in a basket at the checkout, etc)

A simple rule of thumb can be: If it only comes in whole numbers, then it’s fewer, but if it can be in fractions, then it’s less.

 Literally and Virtually

Literally means that it actually happened.

e.g. It was literally snowing a blizzard.

In this case, there would be no visibility to speak of and snow falling as if it were in the Arctic or Antarctic with a strong wind blowing it almost horizontal.

Virtually means it is not actually that thing. It is used when a metaphor is used.

e.g. The footballer was virtually flying down the wing.

If the speaker or writer said ‘The footballer was literally flying down the wing’, that would mean that he had somehow sprouted wings!

 Infer and Imply

I recently heard a broadcaster on the radio use infer when she meant imply. These people ought to know better. Most, I assume, are journalists, or at least have a ‘good’ education with a degree. They should know the difference, and if they don’t, in my opinion, should not be in the job.

Imply is what someone says when they want to suggest something without actually saying it in so many words.

e.g.‘He implied that he was going to come with us.’

Infer means that someone has drawn a conclusion from a statement.

e.g. ‘From what he said, I inferred that he was going to come with us.’

  Lose and Loose.

This is one for the written word.

Lose is when you misplace something.

e.g. You are going to lose your purse if you don’t put it away.

Loose is when something comes undone.

e.g. My shoelace has come loose.

 Tragedy and Travesty.

A Tragedy is something very sad.

e.g. It is a tragedy that he died so young.

A Travesty is to make something ridiculous.

e.g. The dogs runnign onto the pitch made the football match a travesty.

 Effect and Affect

Effect is a noun. It is the result of something.

e,g, What is the effect of mixing red and yellow together?

Affect is a verb. It says what something does.

e.g. How did the accident affect you?

 Popular and Common

This is one I heard from young people when I was teaching.

Popular means well liked by a lot of people.

e.g. Dean was always full of fun and so was very popular with his team mates.

Common means that there are a lot of them.

e.g. Herring gulls are very common in Brighton.

In this last incident, many pupils would say that the herring gulls were very popular, but if you asked the car owners of Brighton, I think you would get a very different view.

 Defective and Deficient

Defective means that a thing is broken in some way.

e.g. I sent my new vacuum cleaner back because it was defective. It was failing to pick up the dirt.

Deficient means that there is something missing.

e.g. The new wardrobe I bought was deficient. There were not enough screws to put it together.

There are dragons and magic in the world if only you look for them… V.M. Sang